Robert S. Hodges, Ph.D., F.R.S.C.
Professor of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics
Director of the Program in Biomolecular Structure
John Stewart Endowed Chair in Peptide Chemistry

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics
University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
RC1 South Tower, Room 9121
P.O. Box 6511 MS 8101
Aurora, Colorado 80045

Office Phone: 303.724-3253
Lab Phone: 303.724-3252
Fax: 303.724-3249
Assistant: Jackie Newnam 303 724-3268
Robert.Hodges@uchsc.edu

Research Interests

Synthetic peptide and antipeptide approaches play major roles in understanding protein structure and function. Our research interests range from:

1) The de novo design of model proteins, an important endeavor that not only tests our understanding of protein folding and structure but also lays the groundwork for the design of novel proteins with the desired biological/immunological activities. We have selected the two-stranded a-helical coiled-coil as an ideal model system for studying protein stability, subunit interactions and protein folding. In addition, we are studying native coiled-coils in tropomyosin, the transporter protein ProP and in the motor proteins, kinesin and kinesin-like proteins, dynein and dynamin;

2) Our expertise in understanding the formation and stability of coiled-coils has resulted in a new project to investigate the coiled-coil domains in the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) coronavirus spike glycoprotein. The aim is to design and synthesize stable peptides and peptidomimetics that will inhibit SARS virus infection of human cells;

3) The design and engineering of peptides for biotechnology applications. This area includes the development of novel antimicrobial cyclic peptides with enhanced antimicrobial activity, low toxicity with broad spectrum activity or activity profiles for selected clinical indications. The development of a novel peptidylmimetic as a therapeutic to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The design of comformationally defined and constrained combinatorial peptide libraries for drug discovery. The de novo design of templates to prepare antibodies that recognize a-helical protein sequences in native proteins;

4) The development of synthetic peptide anti-adhesin bacterial vaccines and antibody therapeutics. These antigen-antibody studies will also investigate such issues as strain-specificity, cross-reactivity, and immunogen presentation as a peptide versus the same region presented in the native protein, which will lead to a better understanding of the immune response at the molecular level;

5) The development of novel HPLC and capillary electrophoretic methods for the separation of peptides and proteins for proteomic applications. Our goal is to replace two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with two-dimensional chromatography or a combined chromatography/capillary electrophoresis method prior to MS/MS. In addition, we will continue our studies to demonstrate the general feasibility of equating polypeptide reversed-phase chromatography (RPC) elution behavior with peptide and protein stability, conformation and function. Of particular significance is our recent introduction of "temperature profiling" in RPC which enables a highly sensitive monitoring of the association of peptide molecules either through oligomerization or aggregation;

6) The above projects involve a wide range of technologies in protein chemistry: peptide synthesis, HPLC, CE, amino acid analysis, mass spectrometry and characterization of peptides and proteins by CD and NMR spectroscopy, analytical ultracentrifugation, Biacore analysis and a range of bioassays.

Education / Experience

  • B.Sc. (Honors Biochemistry), University of Saskatchewan 1965.
  • Ph.D. (Biochemistry), University of Alberta 1971.
  • Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center (UCHSC), 2001-present.
    Director of the Program in Biomolecular Structure, UCHSC
    The John Stewart Chair in Peptide Chemistry, UCHSC
    Professor; Department of Pharmacology, joint appointment (UCHSC), 2002-present.
  • Member of the Medical Scientist Training Program, the Program in Biomolecular Structure, the Pharmacology Program, the Molecular Biology Program and the Cancer Center at UCHSC 2002-present.
    Professor Emeritus, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, 2001-present.
  • Visiting Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center (UCHSC) 2000-2001.
  • President of the American Peptide Society 1997-1999.
  • President-elect of the American Peptide Society 1995-1997.
  • Board of Directors of Cytovax Biotechnologies Inc. 1997-2002.
  • Board of Directors of PENCE Patent Fund Inc. (PPFI) 1997-1999.
  • Founder of DDL Drug Discovery Libraries Inc. 1998.
  • Board of Directors of Research Technology Management Inc., University of Alberta 1997-1999.
  • Advisory Board of the Western Technology Seed Investment Fund 1997-2000.
  • Scientific Advisory Board of Micrologix Biotech Inc. 1996-2000.
  • CEO and Scientific Director of PENCE Inc. 1998-2000.
  • Network Leader, Protein Engineering Network Centres of Excellence (PENCE) 1994-1998.
  • Principal Investigator in Canadian Bacterial Diseases Network of Centres of Excellence (CBDN) 1990-2002.
  • Principal Investigator in Protein Engineering Network of Centres of Excellence (PENCE) 1990-2004.
  • Director of the Alberta Peptide Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta 1985-2002.
  • Professor, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta 1984-2001.
  • Chairman of the Board of S.P.I. Diagnostics Incorporated 1994-1996.
  • CEO of S.P.I. Diagnostics Incorporated 1993-1994.
  • Chairman of the Board of S.P.I. Synthetic Peptides Incorporated 1994-1997.
  • President and C.E.O. of S.P.I. Synthetic Peptides Incorporated, Edmonton, Alberta 1986-1994.
  • Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta 1977-1984.
  • Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta 1974-1977.
  • Member, Medical Research Council of Canada Group in Protein Structure and Function 1974-2001.
  • Research Associate, The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Dr. R.B. Merrifield 1973-1974.
  • Postdoctoral Fellow, The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Dr. R.B. Merrifield 1971-1973.
  • Graduate Student, Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta 1967-1971.
  • Research Scientific Service Officer, Department of National Defence, Defence Research Board 1965-1967.

Professional Activities

  • Member of the Scientific Committee of the 24th International Symposium on the Separation of Proteins, Peptides and Polynucleotides. Aachen, Germany, Oct. 19-22, 2004.
  • Member of the Scientific Committee of the 23rd International Symposium on the Separation of Proteins, Peptides and Polynucleotides. Delray Beach, Florida, USA, Nov. 9-12, 2003.
  • Associate Editor, "The Journal of Peptide Research."
    Editorial Advisory Board of the Journal of Molecular Recognition. Published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 1999-present.
  • Member of the Program Committee of the 2nd International Peptide Symposium/17th American Peptide Symposium, San Diego, CA 2000-2001.
  • Medical Research Council of Canada Multi-user Equipment and Maintenance Grants Panel 1998-2001.
  • Member of the Scientific Committee for the 21st International Symposium on the Separation of Proteins, Peptides and Polynucleotides. Orlando, Florida, USA, November 11-14, 2001.
  • Member of the Scientific Committee for the 20th International Symposium on the Separation of Proteins, Peptides and Polynucleotides. Ljubljana, Slovenia, November 5-8, 2000.
  • Member of the Scientific Committee for the 19th International Symposium on the Separation of Proteins, Peptides and Polynucleotides. Delary Beach Marriott, Florida, USA. October 31 - November 3, 1999.
  • Member of the Review Team of the Biotechnology Program of the National Research Council of Canada and Chairman of the Site-Visit Committee of the Biotechnology Research Institute, Montreal. Montreal/Ottawa, January 8-10, 2001.
  • Editor Peptides: Chemistry, Structure and Biology., Mayflower Worldwide Inc. 1996.
  • Editor Peptides: Chemistry, Structure and Biology., Escom Scientific Publishers 1994.
  • Editor High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Peptides and Proteins: Separation, Analysis and Conformation., CRC Press, Inc. 1991.
  • Editorial Board of Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1996-2001.
  • Editorial Board of Biopolymers, Peptide Science. Published by John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Journal of the American Peptide Society 1998-1999.
  • Editorial Advisory Board of The Journal of Peptide Research. Published by Munksgaard, Journal of the American Peptide Society 1997-present.
  • Editorial Advisory Board of the Journal Biomedical Peptides, Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Published by Mayflower Worldwide Ltd., England 1994-present.
  • Editorial Advisory Board of the Journal of Peptide Science. Published by John Wiley and Sons, England 1994-present.
  • Editorial Advisory Panel of the Journal Protein and Peptide Letters. Published by Bentham Science Publishers 1994-present.
  • Editorial Board of the Journal, Peptide Research. The Journal of Peptide Application, Synthesis and Analysis, Published by Eaton Publishing Co. 1988-1996.
  • Councilor, American Peptide Society, Inc. 1993-1999.
  • Member of the Program Committee of the 14th American Peptide Symposium. Location: Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A. 1994-1995.
  • Member of Management and Budget Committee of PENCE 1990-1996.
  • Chairman, 13th American Peptide Symposium. Location: Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 1993.
  • Member of the program committee of the 12th American Peptide Symposium. Location: Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 1990-1991.
  • Member of the local organizing committee for the 7th International Symposium on Calcium Binding Proteins in Health and Disease. Location: Banff, Alberta, Canada 1990.
  • Biotechnology Advisory Committee for the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology 1988-1993.
  • Medical Research Council of Canada Biochemistry Grants Panel 1984-1986.

Bibliography

  1. Prenner, E.J., M. Kiricsi, M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Structure-activity relationships of diastereomeric lysine ring size analogs of the antimicrobial peptide Gramicidin S: mechanism of action and discrimination between bacterial and animal cell membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 2002-2011 (2005).
  2. Chen, Y., C.T. Mant, S.W. Farmer, R.E.W. Hancock, M.L. Vasil and R.S. Hodges. Rational design of -helical antimicrobial peptides with enhanced activities and specificity/therapeutic index. J. Biol. Chem. 280: 12316-12329 (2005).
  3. Martin, S.L., M. Cruceanu, D. Branciforte, P. W.-L Li, S. Kwok, R.S. Hodges and M.C. Williams. Line-1 Retrotransposition requires the nucleic acid chaperone activity of ORF1 Protein. J. Mol. Biol. 348, 549-561 (2005).
  4. Chana, M., B.P. Tripet, C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Stability and specificity of heterodimer formation for the coiled-coil neck regions of the motor proteins Kif3A and Kif3B: The role of unstructured oppositely charged regions. J. Peptide Research 65: 209-220 (2005).
  5. Jelokhani-Niaraki, M., E.J. Prenner and R. S. Hodges. Biophysical Studies of Cyclic Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides. "Proceedings of the 1st Asia-Pacific International Peptide Symposium (APIPS), Fukuoka, Japan Oct 31-Nov 3, 2004" In Peptide Science 2004 (Y. Shimohigashi, Ed.) Japanese Peptide Society, pp. 75-78 (2005).
  6. Abraham, T., R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Isothermal titration calorimetry studies of the binding of a rationally designed analogue of the antimicrobial peptide Gramicidin S to phospholipid bilayer membrances. Biochemistry 44: 2103-2112 (2005).
  7. Shibue, M., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Effect of anionic ion-pairing reagent hydrophobicity on selectivity of peptide separations by reversed-phase chromatography. J. Chromatography A 1080: 68-75 (2005).
  8. Shibue, M., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Effect of anionic ion-pairing reagent concentration (1 mM - 60 mM) on reversed-phase chromatography elution behavior of peptides. J. Chromatography A 1080: 58-67 (2005).
  9. Shibue, M., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. The perchlorate anion is more effective than trifluoroacetate anion as a ion-pairing reagent for reversed-phase chromatography of peptides. J. Chromatography A 1080: 49-57 (2005).
  10. Rashid, D.J., J. Bononi, B.P. Tripet, R.S. Hodges and D.W. Pierce. Monomeric and dimeric states exhibited by the kinesin-related motor protein KIFIA. J. Peptide Research 65: 538-549 (2005).
  11. Wardell, S.E., S.C. Kwok, L. Sherman, R.S. Hodges, and D.P. Edwards. Regulation of the amino-terminal transcription activation domain of progesterone receptor by a cofactor-induced protein folding mechanism. Molecular Cellular Biology 25: 8792-8808 (2005).
  12. Abraham, T., Ruthven N. A. H. Lewis, Robert S. Hodges and Ronald N. McElhaney, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Studies of the Binding of the Antimicrobial Peptide Gramicidin S to Phospholipid Bilayer Membranes, Biochemistry 44: 11279-11285 (2005).
  13. Ramon, S.K., D.J. Kao, D. Tropel, A. Graff, G. Machaidze, R.S. Hodges and P. Burkhard. Peptide based nanoparticles as a platform for vaccine design. Nanotech 2005 Vol. 1 Chapter 2: Medical Applications pp. 47-50.
  14. Chen, Y. and R.S. Hodges. Effect of secondary structure on selectivity of reversed-phase chromatography for peptide separations at varying temperatures. In Peptide Revolution: Genomics, Proteomics and Therapeutics, Proceedings of the Eighteenth American Peptide Symposium Boston, MA (2003) (M. Chorev and T. K. Sawyer, Eds.) American Peptide Society pp. 151-152) (2004).
  15. Kwok, S.C. and R.S. Hodges. Effect of chain length on coiled-coil stability: Decreasing stability with increasing chain length. In Peptide Revolution: Genomics, Proteomics and Therapeutics, Proceedings of the Eighteenth American Peptide Symposium Boston, MA (2003) (M. Chorev and T. K. Sawyer, Eds.) American Peptide Society pp. 490-492 (2004).
  16. Lee, D.L., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Monitoring self-association of small amphipathic molecules by temperature profiling in reversed-phase chromatography. In Peptide Revolution: Genomics, Proteomics and Therapeutics, Proceedings of the Eighteenth American Peptide Symposium Boston, MA (2003) (M. Chorev and T. K. Sawyer, Eds.) American Peptide Society pp. 149-150 (2004).
  17. Lu, S.M., S.C. Kwok and R.S. Hodges. Importance of hydrophobic clusters on protein folding and stability. In Peptide Revolution: Genomics, Proteomics and Therapeutics, Proceedings of the Eighteenth American Peptide Symposium Bobston, MA (2003) (M. Chorev and T. K. Sawyer, Eds.) American Peptide Society pp. 409-411 (2004).
  18. Mehok, A.R., C.T. Mant, B. Tripet and R.S. Hodges. Isocratic reversed-phase chromatography separation and purification of peptides. In Peptide Revolution: Genomics, Proteomics and Therapeutics, Proceedings of the Eighteenth American Peptide Symposium Boston, MA (2003) (M. Chorev and T. K. Sawyer, Eds.) American Peptide Society pp. 145-146 (2004).
  19. Popa, T.V., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Comparison of effect of anionic ion-pairing reagents on capillary electrophoresis and reversed-phase chromatography of cationic random coil peptides. In Peptide Revolution: Genomics, Proteomics and Therapeutics, Proceedings of the Eighteenth American Peptide Symposium Boston, MA (2003) (M. Chorev and T. K. Sawyer, Eds.) American Peptide Society pp. 123-124 (2004).
  20. Zoetewey, D.L., B. Tripet, T.G. Kutateladze, M.J. Overduin, J.M. Wood and R.S. Hodges. Cytoplasmic domain of E. coli ProP forms an antiparallel coiled-coil as determined by NMR spectroscopy. In Peptide Revolution: Genomics, Proteomics and Therapeutics, Proceedings of the Eighteenth American Peptide Symposium Boston, MA (2003) (M. Chorev and T. K. Sawyer, Eds.) American Peptide Society pp. 301-302 (2004).
  21. Lu, S.M. and R.S. Hodges. Defining the minimum size of a hydrophobic cluster in two-stranded -helical coiled-coils: effects on protein stability. Protein Science 13: 714-726 (2004).
  22. Popa, T.V., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Capillary electrophoresis of amphipathic -helical peptide diastereomers. Electrophoresis 25: 94-107 (2004).
  23. Liu, F., R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Effect of variations in the structure of a polyleucine-based -helical transmembrane peptide on its interaction with phosphatidylglycerol bilayers. Biochemistry 43: 3679-3687 (2004).
  24. Lee, D.L., J.-P.S Powers, K. Pflegerl, M.L. Vasil, R.E.W. Hancock, and R.S. Hodges. Effects of single D-amino acid substitutions on disruption of -sheet structure and hydrophobicity in cyclic 14-residue antimicrobial peptide analogs related to gramicidin S. J. Peptide Research 63: 69-84 (2004).
  25. Cachia, P.J., D.J. Kao and R.S. Hodges. Synthetic peptide vaccine development: Measurement of polyclonal antibody affinity and cross-reactivity using a new peptide capture and release system for surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. J. Mol. Recognition 17: 540-557 (2004).
  26. Popa, T.V., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Capillary electrophoresis of cationic random coil peptide standards: effect of anionic ion-pairing reagents and comparison with reversed-phase chromatography. Electrophoresis 25: 1219-1229 (2004).
  27. Chen, Y., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Selectivity differences in the separation of amphipathic -helical peptides during reversed-phase chromatography at pH 2.0 and pH 7.0: effects of different packings, mobile phase conditions and temperature. J. Chromatography A 1043: 99-111 (2004).
  28. Tripet, B., M.W. Howard, M. Jobling, R.K. Holmes, K.V. Holmes, and R.S. Hodges. Structural characterization of the SARS-Coronavirus Spike Fusion Protein Core. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 20836-20849 (2004).
  29. Kwok, S.C. and R.S. Hodges. Stabilizing and Destabilizing Clusters in the Hydrophobic Core of Long Two-stranded -Helical Coiled-Coils. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 21576-21588 (2004).
    Popa, T.V., C.T. Mant, Y. Chen and R.S. Hodges, Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) of -helical diastereomeric peptide pairs using anionic ion-pairing reagents. J. Chromatography A 1043: 113-122 (2004).
  30. Chen, Y., A.R. Mehok, C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Optimum concentration of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) for reversed-phase chromatography of peptides revisited. J. Chromatography A 1043: 9-18 (2004).
  31. Houliston, R.S., R.S. Hodges, F.J. Sharom and J.H. Davis. Characterization of the proto-oncogenic and mutant forms of the transmembrane region of Neu in micelles. J. Biol. Chem 279: 24073-24080 (2004). Also in Proteomics Select, Vol. 3, Issue 12 (2004)
  32. Liu, F., R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Effect of variations in the structure of a polyleucine-based -helical transmembrane peptide on its interaction with phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers. Biophysical Journal 87: 2470-2482 (2004).
  33. Kwok, S.C. and R.S. Hodges. Effect of chain length on coiled-coil stability: decreasing stability with increasing chain length. Biopolymers (Peptide Science) 76: 378-390 (2004).
  34. Lindhout, D.A., J.R. Litowski, P. Mercier, R.S. Hodges and B.D. Sykes. NMR solution structure of a highly stable de novo heterodimeric coiled-coil. Peptide Science (Biopolymers) 75: 367-375 (2004).
  35. Hodges, R.S., Y. Chen, E. Kopecky, and C.T. Mant. Monitoring the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of amino acid side-chains in the non-polar and polar faces of amphipathic -helices by reversed-phase and mixed-mode hydrophilic interaction/cation-exchange chromatography. J. Chromatography A 1053: 161-172 (2004).
  36. Lee, D.L. and R.S. Hodges. Structure-activity relationships of de novo designed cyclic antimicrobial peptides based on gramicidin S. Peptide Science (Biopolymers) 71: 28-48 (2003).
  37. Tripet, B., G. DeCrescenzo, S. Grothe, M. O'Connor-McCourt, and R.S. Hodges. Kinetic analysis of the interactions between Troponin C and Troponin I binding peptides: Evidence for separate binding sites between the 'structural' N-terminus and the 'regulatory' C-terminus of TnI with TnC. J. Mol. Recog. 16: 37-53 (2003).
  38. Kondejewski, L.H. and R.S. Hodges. Design, synthesis and characterization of cyclic b-sheet peptides. In: Synthesis of Peptides and Peptidomimetics. Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry (M. Goodman, A. Felix, L. Moroder and C. Toniolo, Eds.) Thieme Stuttgart, Vol. E22d: 114-128 (2003).
  39. Mant, C.T. and R.S. Hodges. Design, synthesis and characterization of a-helices and coiled-coils. In: Synthesis of Peptides and Peptidomimetics. Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry (M. Goodman, A. Felix, L. Moroder and C. Toniolo, Eds.) Thieme Stuttgart, Vol. E22d: 68-113 (2003).
  40. De Crescenzo, G., J.R. Litowski, R.S. Hodges and M.D. O'Connor-McCourt. Real-time monitoring of the interactions of de novo designed coiled-coils using Surface Plasmon Resonance: Effect of chain length on the kinetic and thermodynamic constants of interaction. Biochemistry 42: 1254-1763 (2003).
  41. Lewis, R.N.A.H., M. Kiricsi, E.J. Prenner, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of the interactions of a strongly antimicrobial but weakly hemolytic analog of gramicidin S with lipid micelles and lipid bilayer membranes. Biochemistry 42: 440-449 (2003).
  42. Cachia, P.J. and R.S. Hodges. Synthetic peptide vaccine and antibody therapeutic development: Prevention and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Peptide Science (Biopolymers) 71: 141-168 (2003).
  43. Lee, D.L., S. Ivaninskii, P. Burkhard and R.S. Hodges. What triggers protein folding in two-stranded a-helical coiled-coils? Crystal structure of a cortexillin I GCN4 hybrid peptide. Protein Sci. 12: 1395-1405 (2003).
  44. Hartmann, E., Y. Chen, C.T. Mant, A. Jungbauer and R.S. Hodges. Comparison of reversed-phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction/cation-exchange chromatography for the separation of amphipathic a-helical peptides with L- and D-amino acid substitutions in the hydrophilic face. J. Chromatography A. 1009:61-71 (2003).
  45. Mant, C.T., Y. Chen and R.S. Hodges. Temperature profiling of polypeptides in reversed-phase liquid chromatography: I. Monitoring of dimerization and unfolding of amphipathic a-helical peptides. J. Chromatography A. 1009:29-43 (2003).
  46. Mant, C.T., B. Tripet and R.S. Hodges. Temperature profiling of polypeptides in reversed-phase liquid chromatography: II. Monitoring of folding and stability of two-stranded a-helical coiled-coils. J. Chromatography A. 1009:45-59 (2003).
  47. Lee, D.L., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. A novel method to measure self-association of small amphipathic molecules: Temperature profiling in reversed-phase chromatography. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 22918-22927 (2003).
  48. Chen, Y., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Temperature selectivity effects in reversed-phase liquid chromatography due to conformation differences between helical and non-helical peptides. J. Chromatogr. A. 1010:45-61 (2003).
  49. Kondejewski, L.H., D.L. Lee, M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, S.W. Farmer, R.E. Hancock and R.S. Hodges. Optimization of microbial specificity in cyclic peptides by modulation of hydrophobicity within a defined structural framework. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 67-74 (2002).
  50. Mant, C.T. and R.S. Hodges. Analytical HPLC of Peptides. In "HPLC of Biological Macromolecules: Methods and Applications" (Second Edition) (K. Gooding and F. Regnier, Eds). Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, N.Y. pp 433-511 (2002).
  51. Chen, Y., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Determination of stereochemistry stability coefficients of amino acid side-chains in an amphipathic a-helix. J. Peptide Research 59: 18-33 (2002).
  52. Ho, C.-Y., M.E. Houston Jr., J.G. Adamson, R.S. Hodges and M. Smith. A possible mechanism for partitioning between homo- and hetero-dimerization of the yeast homeodomain proteins Mat a1 and Mat a2. J. Peptide Res 59: 34-43 (2002).
  53. Kwok. S.C., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Importance of Secondary Structural Specificity Determinants in Protein Folding: Insertion of a native b-sheet sequence into an a-helical coiled-coil. Protein Science 11: 1519-1531 (2002).
  54. Jelokhani-Niaraki, M., E.J. Prenner, C.M. Kay, R.N. McElhaney and R.S. Hodges. Conformation and interaction of the cyclic cationic antimicrobial peptides in lipid bilayers. J. Peptide Res. 60: 23-36 (2002).
  55. Mant, C.T. and R.S. Hodges. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography as a tool in the determination of the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of amino acid side-chains at a ligand-receptor interface in the presence of different aqueous environments: I. Effect of varying peptide ligand hydrophobicity. J. Chromatogr. A 972: 45-60 (2002).
  56. Mant, C.T. and R.S. Hodges.Reversed-phase liquid chromatography as a tool in the determination of the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of amino acid side-chains at a ligand-receptor interface in the presence of different aqueous environments: II. Effect of varying peptide ligand hydrophobicity. J. Chromatogr. A 972: 61-75 (2002).
  57. Mant, C.T. and R.S. Hodges. Preparative reversed-phase chromatography of proteins from a multi-protein complex: rabbit skeletal troponin. J. Chromatogr. A 972: 101-114 (2002).
  58. Mehok, A.R., C.T. Mant, L. Gera, J. Stewart and R.S. Hodges. Preparative reversed-phase chromatography of peptides: isocratic two-step elution system for high loads on analytical columns. J. Chromatogr. A 972: 87-99 (2002).
  59. Chana, M., C.T. Mant, B. Tripet and R.S. Hodges. The role of unstructured highly charged regions on the stability and specificity of dimerization of two-stranded a-helical coiled-coils: Neck region of kinesin-like motor protein Kif3A. J. Structural Biology 137: 206-219 (2002).
  60. Tripet, B. and R.S. Hodges. Helix Capping Interactions Stabilize the N-terminus of the Kinesin Neck Coiled-coil. J. Structural Biology 137: 220-235 (2002).
  61. Lu, S.M. and R.S. Hodges. A de novo designed template for generating conformation specific antibodies which recognize a-helices in proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 23515-23524 (2002).
  62. Liu, F., R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Effect of variations in the structure of a polyleucine-based a-helical transmembrane peptide on its interaction with phosphatidylcholine bilayers. Biochemistry 41: 9197-9207 (2002).
  63. Litowski, J.R. and R.S. Hodges. Designing heterodimeric two-stranded a-helical coiled-coils: The effects of hydrophobicity and a-helical propensity on protein folding, stability, and specificity. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 37272-37279 (2002).
  64. Tripet, B., G. DeCrescenzo, S. Grothe, M. O'Connor-McCourt, and R.S. Hodges. Kinetic analysis of the interactions between Troponin C and the C-terminal Troponin I Regulatory Region and validation of a new peptide delivery/capture system used for surface plasmon resonance. J. Mol. Biol. 323: 345-362 (2002).
  65. Kiricsi, M., E.J. Prenner, M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. The effects of ring-size analogs of the antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S on phospholipid bilayer model membranes and on the growth of Acholeplasma laidlawii B. Eur. J. Biochemistry 269: 5911-5920 (2002).
  66. Liu, F., R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. A differential scanning calorimetric and 31P NMR spectroscopic study of the effect of transmembrane a-helical peptides on the lamellar-reversed hexagonal phase transition of phosphatidylethanolamine model membranes. Biochemistry 40: 760-768 (2001).
  67. Litowski, J.R. and R.S. Hodges. Designing heterodimeric a-helical coiled-coils: The effect of chain length on protein folding, stability and specificity. In Peptides 2000, Proceedings of the 26th European Peptide Symposium (J. Martinez and J.A. Fehrentz, eds.). EDK Publishers, Paris, France. pp. 499-500 (2001).
  68. Lee, D.L., P. Lavigne and R.S. Hodges. Are trigger sequences essential in the folding of two-stranded a-helical coiled-coils? J. Mol. Biol. 306: 539-553 (2001).
  69. Prenner, E.J., R.N.A.H. Lewis, M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, R.S. Hodges, and R.N. McElhaney. Cholesterol attenuates the interaction of antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S with phospholipid bilayer membranes. BBA Biomembranes 1510: 83-92 (2001).
  70. Jelokhani-Niaraki, M., E.J. Prenner, L.H. Kondejewski, C.M. Kay, R.N. McElhaney, and R.S. Hodges. Conformation and other biophysical properties of cyclic antimicrobial peptides in aqueous solutions. J. Peptide Res. 58: 293-306 (2001).
  71. Yu, B., P.L. Privalov and R.S. Hodges. Contribution of translational and rotational motions to molecular association and aqueous solution. Biophys. J. 81: 1632-1642 (2001).
  72. Ngai, S.-M., J.R. Pearlstone, C.S. Farah, F.C. Reinach, L.B. Smillie and R.S. Hodges. Structural and functional studies on troponin I and troponin C interactions. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 33-46 (2001).
  73. Ngai, S.-M., J.R. Pearlstone, L.B. Smillie and Robert S. Hodges. Characterization of the biologically important interaction between troponin C and the N-terminal region of troponin I. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 99-110 (2001).
  74. Lewis, R.N.A.H., Y.-P. Zhang, R.S. Hodges, W.K. Subczynski, A. Kusimi, C.R. Flach, R. Mendelsohn and R.N. McElhaney. A polyalanine-based peptide can not form a stabletransmembrane a-helix in fully hydrated phospholipid bilayers. Biochemistry 40: 12103-12111 (2001).
  75. Salgado, J., S.L. Grage, L.H. Kondejewski, R.S. Hodges, R.N. McElhaney and A.S. Ulrich. Membrane-bound structure and alignment of the antimicrobial b-sheet peptide gramicidin S derived from angular and distance constraints by solid-state 19F-NMR. J. Biomol. NMR 21: 191-208 (2001).
  76. Tsapis, N., F. Reiss-Husson, R. Ober, M. Genest, R.S. Hodges and W. Urbach. Self diffusion and spectral modifications of a membrane protein, the Rubrivivax gelatinosus LH2 complex, incorporated into a monoolein cubic phase. Biophysical Journal 81: 1613-1623 (2001).
  77. Baardsnes, J., M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, L.H. Kondejewski, M.J. Kuiper, C.M. Kay, R.S. Hodges and P.L. Davies. Antifreeze protein from Shorthorn Sculpin: Identification of the ice-binding surface. Protein Science 10: 2566-2576 (2001).
  78. Litowski, J.R. and R.S. Hodges. Designing heterodimeric two-stranded a-helical coiled-coils: The effect of chain length on protein folding, stability and specificity. J. Peptide Res. 58: 477-492 (2001).
  79. Blumenschein, T.M.A., B.P. Tripet, R.S. Hodges and B.D. Sykes. Mapping the interacting regions between troponins T and C: Binding of TnT and TnI peptides to TnC and NMR mapping of the TnT-binding site on TnC. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 36606-36612 (2001).
  80. Zhang, Y.P., R.N. Lewis, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Peptide models of the helical hydrophobic transmembrane segments of membrane proteins: Interactions of acetyl-K2-(LA)12-K2-amide with phosphatidylethanolamine bilayer membranes. Biochemistry 40: 474-482 (2001).
  81. Chen, Y., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. The determination of helix stability coefficients using D-amino acid substitutions in the non-polar face of an amphipathic a-helical model peptide. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 353-354 (2001).
  82. Chana, M., B. Tripet and R.S. Hodges. The role of unstructured highly charged regions on the stability and specificity of dimerization of two-stranded a-helical coiled-coils: Neck region of kinesin-like motor protein Kif3A. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 359-360 (2001).
  83. Tripet, B. and R.S. Hodges. A Leu-Thr-Trp-Lys "lock" stabilizes the N-terminus of the kinesin neck coiled-coil. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 361-362 (2001).
  84. Tripet, B. and R.S. Hodges. STABLECOIL: An algorithm designed to predict the location and relative stability of coiled-coils in native protein sequences. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 365-366 (2001).
  85. 394. Kwok, S., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Lactam-bridged and disulfide-bridged peptide mimic of a stable a-helical folded protein. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 377-378 (2001).
  86. Lu, S., J.R. Litowski, B. Tripet and R.S. Hodges. Homostranded and heterostranded a-helical templates for combinatorial library display: Differences in stability and solubility. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 466-467 (2001).
  87. Lee, D., S.W. Farmer, K. Pflegerl, R.E.W. Hancock, M.L. Vasil and R.S. Hodges. Disruption of the b-sheet structure of cyclic peptides by single amino acid substitution: influence on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell viability. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 477-478 (2001).
  88. Jelokhani-Niaraki, M., L.H. Kondejewski, C.M. Kay and R.S. Hodges. Variation in ring size of cyclic antimicrobial peptides results in diversity and selectivity of biological activity. In "Peptides: The Wave of the Future", Proceedings of the Second International/Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium (M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 497-498 (2001).
  89. Taulier, N., C. Nicot, M. Waks, R.S. Hodges, R. Ober and W. Urbach. Unbinding-binding transition induced by molecular snaps in model membranes. Biophysical J. 78: 857-865 (2000).
  90. McInnes, C., L.H. Kondejewski, R.S. Hodges, B.D. Sykes. Development of the Structural Basis for Antimicrobial Activities of Peptides Based on Gramicidin S and Design of Novel Analogs Using NMR Spectroscopy. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 14287-14294 (2000).
  91. Sokol, P.A., C. Kooi, R.S. Hodges, P. Cachia and D.E. Woods. Immunization with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase peptide reduces severity of experimental lung infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Busrkholderi cerpacia. J. Infectious Diseases 181: 1682-1692 (2000).
  92. Yu, Y.B., K.C. Wagschal, C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Trapping the Monomeric a-Helical State During Unfolding of Coiled-Coils by Reversed-Phase Chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A. 890: 81-94 (2000).
  93. Culham, D.E., B. Tripet, K.I. Racher, Voegele, R.T., R.S. Hodges and J.M. Wood. The role of carboxyl terminal a-helical coiled-coil domain in osmosensing by transporter ProP of Escherichia coli. J. Mol. Recognit.13: 309-322 (2000).
  94. Jelokhani-Niaraki, M., L.H. Kondejewski, S.W. Farmer, R.E.W. Hancock, C.M. Kay and R.S. Hodges. Diasteriomeric Analogs of Gramicidin S: Structure, Biological Activity and Interaction with Lipid Bilayers. Biochem. J. 349: 747-755 (2000).
  95. Husband, D.L., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Development of simultaneous purification methodology for multiple synthetic peptides by reversed-phase sample displacement chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 893, 81-94 (2000).
  96. Tripet, B., K. Wagschal, P. Lavigne, C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Effects of side-chain characteristics on the stability and oligomerization state of a de novo designed model coiled-coil: Twenty amino acid substitutions in position "d". J. Mol. Biol. 300: 377-402 (2000).
  97. Litowski, J.R. and R.S. Hodges. The design of heterodimeric coiled-coil domains for diagnostic display systems. In "Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 285-286 (2000).
  98. Semchuk, P.D., M. Genest, L.H. Kondejewski and R.S. Hodges. Minimization of side reactions during removal of the formyl protecting group from the e amino group of lysine. In "Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 120-121 (2000).
  99. Kondejewski, L.H., C. McInnes, M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, S.W. Farmer, C.M. Kay, B.D. Sykes, R.E.W. Hancock and R.S. Hodges. Modulation of specificity in cyclic antimicrobial peptides by amphipathicity. In Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 752-753 (2000).
  100. Jelokhani-Niaraki, M., E.J. Prenner, L.H. Kondejewski, R.N. McElhaney, C.M. Kay and R.S. Hodges. Interaction of Gramicidin S and its biologically active analogs with phospholipid bilayers. In Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 740-741 (2000).
  101. Lee, D.L., J. Chen, K.C. Wagschal, S. McKenna, B. Harland, C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Effect of D-amino acid substitutions on amphipathic a-helical structure. In Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 289-290 (2000).
  102. Kwok, S.C., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Importance of secondary structure specificity determinants in protein folding and stability. In Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 277-279 (2000).
  103. Yu, B.Y., P. Lavigne, P. Privalov and R.S. Hodges. Rotamer number revealed as another parameter to gauge the quality of packing in folded proteins. In Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 318-319 (2000).
  104. Chen, Y., L.H. Kondejewski, C.M. Kay, R.T. Irvin and R.S. Hodges. Design and synthesis of prion peptidyl mimetics for the detection and purification of prion proteins. In Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 713-714 (2000).
  105. Merrifield, B., G. Barany, C.M. Deber, M. Goodman, R.S. Hodges, V.J. Hruby, T.W. Muir, R. Offord, A.F. Spatola, D.F. Veber and G.B. Fields. Perspectives for the new peptide millennium. In Peptides for the New Millennium", Proceedings of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium (G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam and G. Barany, Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 797-804 (2000).
  106. Mant, C.T. and R.S. Hodges. Hydrophilic interaction/cation-exchange chromatography of peptides. In Encyclopedia of Separation Science (Academic Press), Editors I.D. Wilson, T.R. Adland, C.F. Poole and M. Cook. pp. 3615-3626 (2000).
  107. Wagschal, K.C., B. Tripet, P. Lavigne and R.S. Hodges. De Novo design of a-helical coiled-coils: the effect on stability of amino acid substitution in the hydrophobic core. In Peptides: Frontiers of Peptide Science, Proceedings of the Fifteenth American Peptide Symposium (J. Tam and P. Kaumaya, Eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 82-84 (1999).
  108. Kohn, W.D., C.M. Kay and R.S. Hodges. Metal ion-induced folding of a de novo designed a- helical coiled-coil. In Peptides: Frontiers of Peptide Science, Proceedings of the Fifteenth American Peptide Symposium (J. Tam and P. Kaumaya, Eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 134-135 (1999).
  109. Kondejewski, L.H., M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, R.E.W. Hancock and R.S. Hodges. Structure-activity relationships in cyclic b-sheet antibacterial peptides. In Peptides: Frontiers of Peptide Science, Proceedings of the Fifteenth American Peptide Symposium (J. Tam and P. Kaumaya, Eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 152-153 (1999).
  110. Yang, C.M.C., W.Y. Wong, O. Hindsgual, R.T. Irvin and R.S. Hodges. Multivalent carbohydrate-linked peptides interfere with adherence of Candida albicans to asialo-GM1 receptor: Toward the design of anti-adhesin therapeutics. In Peptides: Frontiers of Peptide Science, Proceedings of the Fifteenth American Peptide Symposium (J. Tam and P. Kaumaya, Eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 557-558 (1999).
  111. Houston, M. Jr., H. Chao, M.C. Loewen, F.D. Sonnichsen, C.M. Kay, B.D. Sykes and R.S. Hodges. A New paradigm for fish antifreeze protein binding to ice. In Peptides: Frontiers of Peptide Science, Proceedings of the Fifteenth American Peptide Symposium (J. Tam and P. Kaumaya, Eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 747-748 (1999).
  112. Lavigne, P., L.H. Kondejewski, M.E. Houston, Jr., R.S. Hodges and C.M. Kay. On the energetics of the heterodimerization of Max and c-Myc Leucine Zippers. In Peptides: Frontiers of Peptide Science, Proceedings of the Fifteenth American Peptide Symposium (J. Tam and P. Kaumaya, Eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 467-468 (1999).
  113. McMullen, T.P.W., E.J. Prenner, R.N.A.H. Lewis, L.H. Kondejewski, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. The interaction between gramicidin S and lipid bilayers: Evidence for cholesterol attenuation of phospholipid-peptide interactions. In Peptides: Frontiers of Peptide Science, Proceedings of the Fifteenth American Peptide Symposium (J. Tam and P. Kaumaya, Eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 639-640 (1999).
  114. Kondejewski, L.H., M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, E.J. Prenner, R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.N. McElhaney, R.E.W. Hancock and R.S. Hodges. Design of cyclic antimicrobial peptides with low hemolytic activity. In Peptide Science - Present and Future, Proceedings of the First International Peptide Symposium, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Y. Shimonishi, Ed., pp. 88-91 (1999).
  115. Kwok, S.C., C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Effects of a-helical and b-sheet propensities of amino acids on protein stability. In Peptides 98, Proceedings of the 25th European Peptide Symposium (Bajusz, S., and Hudecz, F., Eds.). Publisher: Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 34-35 (1999).
  116. Wagschal, K., B. Tripet and R.S. Hodges. De novo design of a model peptide sequence to examine the effects of single amino acid substitutions in the hydrophobic core on both stability and oligomerization state of coiled-coils. J. Mol. Biol. 285: 785-803 (1999).
  117. Litowski, J.R., P.D. Semchuk, C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Hydrophilic interaction/cation-exchange chromatography for the purification of synthetic peptides from closely related impurities: Serine side-chain acetylated peptides. J. Peptide Research 54: 1-11 (1999).
  118. Yu, Y., P. Lavigne, C.M. Kay, R.S. Hodges and P.L. Privalov. Contribution of translational and rotational entropy to the unfolding of a dimeric coiled-coil. J. Physical Chemistry B 103: 2270-2278 (1999).
  119. Okamoto, P.M., B. Tripet, J. Litowski, R.S. Hodges and R.B. Vallee. Multiple coiled-coils are involved in dyamin self-assembly. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 10277-10286 (1999).
  120. Prenner, E.J., R.N.A.H. Lewis, L.H. Kondejewski, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Differential scanning calorimetric study of the effect of the antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S on the thermotropic phase behavior of phosphatidylcholine, phosphotidylethanalamine and phosphatidyl glycerol lipid bilayer membranes. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1417: 211-223 (1999).
  121. Kondejewski, L.H., M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, S.W. Farmer, C.M. Kay, B.D. Sykes, R.E.W. Hancock and R.S. Hodges. Dissociation of antimicrobial and hemolytic activities in cyclic peptide diastereomers by systematic alterations in amphipathicity. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 13181-13192 (1999).
  122. Jelokhani-Niaraki, M., L.H. Kondejewski, Y. Chen, R.E. Hancock, C.M. Kay and R.S. Hodges. Structure and Biological Activity of Cyclic Peptides Based on Gramicidin S. Proceedings of the 35th Japanese Peptide Symposium. Peptide Science 1998: M. Kondo (Ed.). Protein Research Foundation, Osaka, pp. 81-84 (1999).
  123. Collinson, S.K., J.M.R. Parker, R.S. Hodges, W.W. Kay. Models of the AgfA Fimbrin Subunit of Salmonella Thin Aggregative Fimbriae. J. Mol. Biol. 290: 741-756 (1999).
  124. Houston, M.E., R.T. Irvin and R.S. Hodges. Design and synthesis of a lactam bridged stabilized coiled-coil template for library display. In Peptide Science - Present and Future, Proceedings of the First International Peptide Symposium. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Y. Shimonishi (Ed.), pp. 128-131 (1999).
  125. Yu, B.Y., P. Lavigne, P.L. Privalov and R.S. Hodges. A measure of disorder in a folded protein and its contribution to stability. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121: 8443-8449 (1999).
  126. Wagschal, K., B. Tripet, P. Lavigne, C. Mant and R.S. Hodges. The role of position "a" in determining the stability and oligomerization state of a-helical coiled-coils: 20 amino acid stability coefficients in the hydrophobic core of proteins. Protein Sci. 8: 2312-2329 (1999).
  127. Loewen, M.C., H. Chao, M.E. Houston, Jr., J. Baardsnes, R.S. Hodges, C.M. Kay, B.D. Sykes, F.D. Sonnichsen and P.L. Davis. Alternative roles for putative ice binding residues in Type 1 Antifreeze protein. Biochemistry 38: 4743-4749 (1999).
  128. Lewis, R.N.A.H., E.J. Prenner, L.H. Kondejewski, C.R. Flach, R. Mendelson, R.S. Hodges and R.N. McElhaney. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies on the interaction of the antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S with lipid micelles and with lipid monolayer and bilayer membranes. Biochemistry 38: 15193-15203 (1999).
  129. Baardsnes, J., L. Kondejewski, R.S. Hodges, H. Chao, C.M. Kay and P.L. Davies. New ice-binding face for Type 1 antifreeze protein. FEBS Letters 463: 87-91 (1999).
  130. Langlais, D.B., R.S. Hodges and J.H. Davis. 13C-13C rotational resonance in a trans-membrane peptide: A comparison of the fluid and gel phases. Physical Review E 59: 5945-5957 (1999).
  131. ouston, M.E., L.H. Kondejewski, D.N. Karunaratue, M. Gough, S. Fidai, R.S. Hodges and R.E.W. Hancock. Influence of preformed a-helix and a-helix induction on the activity of cationic antimicrobial peptides. J. Peptide Research 52: 81-88 (1998).
  132. Van Eyk, J.E., F. Powers, W. Law, C. Larue, R.S. Hodges and R.J. Solaro. Breakdown and Release of Myofilament Proteins During Ischemia and Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rat Hearts: Identification of Degradation Products and Effects on the pCa-Force Relation. Circulation Research 82: 261-271 (1998).
  133. Kohn, W.D., C.M. Kay and R.S. Hodges. Effects of Lanthanide binding on the stability of de novo designed a-helical coiled-coils. J. Peptide Research 51: 9-18 (1998).
  134. Houston, M., H. Chao, R.S. Hodges, B.D. Sykes, C.M. Kay, F.D. Sonnichsen, M.C. Loewen and P.L. Davies. Binding of an oligopeptide to a specific plane of ice. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 11714-11718 (1998).
  135. Kohn, W.D., C.M. Kay, B.D. Sykes and R.S. Hodges. Metal ion-induced folding of a de novo designed coiled-coil peptide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120: 1124-1132 (1998).
  136. Chao, H., D.L. Bautista, J. Litowski, R.T. Irvin and R.S. Hodges. The use of a heterodimeric coiled-coil system for biosensor application and affinity purification. J. Chromatography B 715: 307-329 (1998).
  137. Subczynski, W.K., R.N.A.H. Lewis, R.N. McElhaney, R.S. Hodges, J.A. Hyde and A. Kusumi. Molecular organization and dynamics of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidyl choline bilayers containing a transmembrane a-helical peptide. Biochem. 37: 3156-3164 (1998).
  138. Gibbs, A.C., L.H. Kondejewski, W. Gronwald, A.M. Nip, R.S. Hodges, B.D. Sykes and D.S. Wishart. Unusual b-sheet periodicity in small cyclic peptides. Nature Structural Biol. 5: 284-288 (1998).
  139. Bishop, R.E., B.K. Leskiw, R.S. Hodges, C.M. Kay and J.H. Weiner. The entericidin locus governs stationary phase autolysis of Escherichia coli and its implications for programmed bacterial cell death. J. Mol. Biol 280: 583-596 (1998).
  140. Cachia, P.J., L.M.G. Glasier, R.R.W. Hodgins, W.Y. Wong, R.T. Irvin and R.S. Hodges. The use of synthetic peptides in the design of a consensus sequence vaccine for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Peptide Research 52: 289-299 (1998).
  141. Kohn, W.D. and R.S. Hodges. De novo design of a-helical coiled-coils and bundles: Protein models for development of design principles. Trends in Biotechnology 16: 379-389 (1998).
  142. Lavigne, P., M.P. Crump, S.M. Gagne, R.S. Hodges, C.M. Kay and B.D. Sykes. Insights into the Mechanism of heterodimerization from the 1H-NMR solution structure of the c-MYC-MAX heterodimeric leucine zipper. J. Mol. Biol. 281: 165-181 (1998).
  143. Kwok, S.C., B. Tripet, J.H. Man, M.S. Chana, P. Lavigne, C.T. Mant and R.S. Hodges. Structural cassette mutagenesis in a de novo designed protein: Proof of a novel concept for examining protein folding and stability. Biopolymers (Peptide Science) 47:101-123 (1998).
  144. D'Agostino, P.A., J.R. Hancock, L.R. Provost, P.D. Semchuk and R.S. Hodges. Liquid chromatographic high resolution mass spectrometric and tandem mass spectrometric identification of synthetic peptides using electrospray ionization. J. Chromatography A 800: 89-100 (1998).
  145. Mant, C.T., L.H. Kondejewski and R.S. Hodges. Hydrophilic interaction/cation-exchange chromatography for separation of cyclic peptides. J. Chromatography A 816: 79-88 (1998).
  146. Mant, C.T., J.R. Litowski and R.S. Hodges. Hydrophilic interaction/cation exchange chromatography for separation of amphipathic a-helical peptides. J. Chromatography A 816: 65-78 (1998).
  147. Kohn, W.D., C.M. Kay and R.S. Hodges. Orientation, positional additivity and oligomerization state effects of interhelical ion-pairs in a-helical coiled-coils. J. Mol. Biol. 283: 993-1012 (1998).